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Women and Poverty (From Sandesh.org)
Gender and PRSPs:
with experiences from Tanzania, Bolivia, Viet Nam and Mozambique
The report provides an overview of gender and the Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) with particular reference to Tanzania, Bolivia, Viet Nam and Mozambique. The study was conducted over a 21-day period as part of a subscription service provided by BRIDGE to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Denmark. This is not an in-depth study, but aims to give a general idea of how gender has been incorporated into the PRSP processes, particularly, in the four countries from where experiences are drawn.
Women in Poverty: A New World Underclass
Women are traditionally found to be more impoverished than men. This feminization of poverty should be considered a legitimate foreign policy concern. Because women are increasingly economic actors and heads of households as well as mothers, their poverty slows global economic growth.
Consumption Expenditure and Female Poverty: A Review of the Evidence
This paper sets out to answer two questions. First, are poor females at a significant disadvantage compared to males and non-poor females in terms of welfare indicators of such as health, education, nutrition, labor force participation, and time use? Second, are female-headed households over-represented among the poor? To answer these questions and maintain consistency in the definition of poverty, this review limits itself to the literature that includes consumption expenditure (or income) welfare measures. This includes more than 60 Poverty Assessments carried out by the World Bank since 1994 as well as other recent published and unpublished studies. There is considerable variation in the nature and extent of gender inequality across countries, making it difficult to generalize that disparities between women and men are systematically larger below the poverty line. The evidence surrounding the incidence of poverty in female-headed households is also found to be country and case specific. For example, in a given context, de jure female-headed households may be disproportionately poor while de facto households are not. The evidence indicates that a more nuanced approach to understanding the relationship between headship and poverty is needed. This includes accounting for differences in household structure and as well as analyzing the process of household formation.
Gender, Poverty and Trade
This paper differs from other studies of the impact of trade on inequality and poverty in several ways: First, its principal focus is gender inequalities. Second, it takes a broad view of poverty and examines interactions between different dimensions of social inequalities and poverty, thus seeking to go beyond the static ‘winners and losers’ analysis. Third, it argues that the ‘success’ of trade policies must be evaluated not through market-based criteria, such as whether they maximise flows of goods and services, but in terms of whether they further desired social outcomes such as equity, social inclusion, freedom from poverty, development of human capabilities, protection of human rights, democratic governance and environmental sustainability.
Globalisation the cause of poor women's woes
Economic globalisation is concentrating more power in a few corporations and international agencies, and is greatly responsible for the causes of women's poverty. So concluded an interesting panel discussion that was part of the Women's Conference
Women and Poverty
More than 1 billion people in the world today, the great majority of whom are women, live in unacceptable conditions of poverty, mostly in the developing countries. Poverty has various causes, including structural ones. Poverty is a complex, multidimensional problem, with origins in both the national and international domains.
The Feminization of Poverty
The majority of the 1.5 billion people living on 1 dollar a day or less are women. In addition, the gap between women and men caught in the cycle of poverty has continued to widen in the past decade, a phenomenon commonly referred to as "the feminization of poverty". Worldwide, women earn on average slightly more than 50 per cent of what men earn.
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